infants Many bones are still unformed; they are made of tough, elastic tissue called cartilage that will gradually harden into bone. The legs are often bowed and shorter than you might expect when you compare them with the arms. The head may seem too big for the body. The baby's face may seem abnormally plump in the cheeks and flat in the nose. The eyes will not move together well and may seem to be crossed. The genitals, especially on a boy, may seem abnormally large. Be reassured that in a few months your baby will begin to look more "normal." Movements of the limbs, eyes, and neck will become more controlled as muscles develop, and the face will become more alert and expressive. ROUTINE TESTS FOR A NEWBORN BABY Certain tests are done on each new baby to check for abnormalities. Many minor problems can be taken care of before the baby leaves the hospital. Others can be treated by the parents at home. Some problems that appear at birth must be detected early so that they can be corrected before they become serious. One test that is required in all states is a screening test on samples of the baby's blood and urine to check for phenylketonuria (PKU). This rare disorder can cause brain damage and mental retardation. If it is detected right away, however, changes can be made in the baby's diet to prevent such damage. Also done routinely is a blood test for congenital hypothyroidism (a disorder of the thyroid gland that causes abnormalities of mental and physical development.) Other tests may be done as well, depending on the hospital routine and your doctor's recommendations. SPECIAL SUPPLIES AND EQUIPMENT Before you bring your baby home, you will want to have everything you need on hand. Clothes. A newborn baby usually needs only diapers and soft nightgowns for sleeping and extra sheets or blankets. Overdressing a baby can cause heat rash. Babies spit up on and otherwise dirty their clothes, sometimes many times a day, so be sure you have plenty. You don't want to spend all your time washing. Diapers. Diapers can be made of reusable cloth or disposable paper. The initial cost of new cloth diapers may be high, but they can be used for many years. Paper diapers cost more in the long run. Many parents use paper diapers for the first few weeks, for convenience in the initial adjustment period, and then switch to cloth when a routine has been established. Skin cleanser. Many doctors recommend using just a mild soap and water to keep your baby clean. Do not use oils, lotions, or powders; clear water is best. A baby's skin can be very sensitive, and scented products can be irritating. Some babies are allergic to certain lotions and creams. Bed. You can use a cradle or bassinet for a new baby, but your baby will soon outgrow it. A crib will work just as well and be useful for a longer time, making it a better investment. Choose a crib with one side that drops, so that you can easily reach the baby. chicken